The social model of health primarily targets...

• A. Focus on individuals
• B. Targets whole communities
• C. Only healthcare professionals
• D. Hospitals

Answer: (B)

The social model of health is about the environment and circumstances in which people live, and how those wider factors shape health outcomes. It focuses on determinants beyond biology and individual choices—things like income, education, housing, employment, social support, discrimination, and access to services. Interventions are aimed at population and community levels, using actions that involve multiple sectors and communities to create healthier conditions, such as improving living conditions, shaping healthier public policies, and building supportive environments. Because of this population- and environment-centered approach, the model aims to improve health for entire communities rather than just changing the behavior of individuals or relying solely on hospital care and healthcare professionals. In contrast to a purely medical view that treats illness after it occurs, the social model seeks to prevent illness and reduce health inequities by altering the social and physical contexts in which people live.